What is Jardiance?
jardiance commercial contains the active substance empagliflozin. Jardiance is a member of a group of medicines called sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors type 2 (SGLT2).
How does it work?
Empagliflozin is a highly potent, selective, reversible, competitive inhibitor (IC50 of 1.3 nmol) of the sodium-glucose type 2 co-transporter (SGLT2). Empagliflozin does not inhibit other glucose transporters important for glucose transport to peripheral tissues and is 5,000 times more selective for SGLT2 than for SGLT1, the most important transporter responsible for glucose absorption in the intestine. SGLT2 is highly expressed in the kidney, while expression in other tissues is non-existent or very low. It is responsible, as the predominant transporter, for the reabsorption of glucose after glomerular filtration to return it to the circulation. In patients with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia, a larger amount of glucose is filtered and reabsorbed.
Empagliflozin improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes by reducing renal glucose reabsorption. The amount of glucose eliminated by the kidney through this glucuronic mechanism depends on the concentration of glucose in the blood and on GFR. Inhibition of SLGT2 in patients with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia leads to excess excretion of glucose in the urine. In addition, initiation of empagliflozin administration increases sodium excretion, resulting in osmotic diuresis and reduced intravascular volume.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the excretion of glucose in the urine increased immediately after the first dose of empagliflozin and remained continuous during the 24-hour administration interval. The increase in the elimination of glucose through the urine was maintained at the end of the 4-week treatment period, with an average of approximately 78 g / day. The increased elimination of glucose in the urine resulted in an immediate reduction in plasma glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
What are the benefits of taking it?
Jardiance is used to treat type 2 diabetes in adult patients (18 years of age or older) who cannot control themselves with diet and exercise on their own. Jardiance can be used without other medicines in patients who cannot take metformin (another medicine to treat diabetes). Jardiance can also be used with other medicines to treat diabetes. These may be drugs given by mouth or given by injection, such as insulin. It is important that you follow the diet and exercise plan that your doctor, pharmacist or nurse has told you.
How do I use it and its dosage?
Always use this medicine exactly as your doctor has told you. If in doubt, consult your doctor or pharmacist again.
How much to take
The recommended starting Jardiance dosage is one 10 mg tablet once daily. Your doctor will decide if your dose should be increased to 25 mg once a day. Your doctor may limit your dose to 10 mg once a day if you have a kidney problem. Your doctor will prescribe the dose that is right for you. Do not change your dose unless your doctor tells you to.
Taking this medicine
Swallow the tablet whole with water. You can take the tablet with or without food. You can take the tablet at any time of the day. However, always try to take it at the same time. This will help you remember to take it.
Jardiance may be prescribed by your doctor along with another diabetes medicine. Remember to take all medications as directed by your doctor to get the best results for your health.
Proper diet and exercise help your body make better use of your blood glucose. It is important to follow the diet and exercise plan recommended by your doctor while taking Jardiance.
If you take more Jardiance than you should
If you take more Jardiance than you should, see a doctor immediately or go to a hospital. Take the medicine container with you.
If you forget to take Jardiance
If you forget to take a tablet, what you should do depends on the time until the next dose.
If the next dose is 12 hours or more away, take Jardiance as soon as you remember. Then take the next dose at the usual time. If the next dose is less than 12 hours away, skip the missed dose. Then take the next dose at the usual time. Do not take a double dose of Jardiance to make up for a forgotten dose.
Side effects & precautions
Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
Contact a doctor or the nearest hospital immediately if you have any of the following side effects:
Severe allergic reaction, observed with an unknown frequency (cannot be estimated from the available data)
Possible signs of a severe allergic reaction may include:
- swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat, which may cause difficulty breathing or swallowing.
Diabetic ketoacidosis has been observed rarely (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people)
- increased levels of “ketone bodies” in your urine or blood
- rapid weight loss
- nausea or vomiting
- stomach ache
- excessive thirst
- fast deep breathing
- confusion
- unusual drowsiness or tiredness
- sweet breath odor, sweet or metallic taste in the mouth, or a different smell in the urine or sweat.
This can occur regardless of your blood glucose level. Your doctor may decide to temporarily or permanently discontinue treatment with Jardiance.
Frequently observed urinary tract infection (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)
The signs of a urinary tract infection are:
- burning sensation when urinating
- cloudy-looking urine
- pain in the pelvis or mid-back (when the kidneys are infected)
- The urge to urinate or urinate more often may be due to the way Jardiance works, but since they can also be signs of a urinary tract infection, if you experience an increase in these symptoms, contact your doctor.
Dehydration, seen infrequently (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)
The signs of dehydration are not specific, but may include:
- be unusual
- dizziness or dizziness when getting up
- fainting or loss of consciousness
Frequent jardiance side effects
- genital yeast infections (candidiasis)
- urinating more than normal or needing to urinate more often
- itching (pruritus)
- skin rash or redness that can be itchy and include bumps, fluid discharge, or blisters
- blood tests may show increased levels of blood fats (cholesterol).
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